Milling machine



July 6 L. s. WHITNEY MILLING MACHINE Filed Jan, 5. 1925 July 6,1926.

L. s'. WHITNEY MILLING MACHINE Filed Jam.4 3, 1925 6 Sheets-'Sheet 2 4 l y l ,July 6 1926'.

Y 1,591,595 L. S. WHITNEY MILLING MACHINE Filed Jan. 5, 1925 6 Sheetalnt 5 K L. S. WHITNEY MILLING MACHINE July Filed Jan. 3, 1925 6 Sheet-Sheet 4f L s. WHITNEY MILLING MACHINE filed Jan. s. 1925 vs rsn@IST-sheer. 5

July 6 1926.

L. S. WHITNEY MILLNG MACHINE Filed Jan. s,

1925 G Sheets-Sheet 6 Patented July 6, 1926.

UNITE STATES LARI-IED S.

VJHITNEY, GF FISKDALE, MASSACHUSETTS.

MILLING MACHINE.

Application filed January 3, 1925.

The invention relates to an improvement in milling machines, and more particularly to milling machines ot' the type especially adapted for cutting the spiral slot of auger bits and the like.

One object of the invention is to simplify and improve the construction and mode of operation of milling machines of this type in order that. they may periorni the spiral slot milling operation more elhciently and expeditiously. A further object of the invention is to simplify the construction ot' the milling machine so as to reduce the cost ot producing the same. Another object oi the invention is to provide milling machines of this type with means for moving the cutters relatively to each other during the slot cutting operation to cause the bott-om of the spiral slot to be cut on a taper. ljret'erably the bottom oi the slot will taper from the junction point between the body or spiral part or" the bit and the shank toward the lront or cutting end of the bit. rllhese anc other objects or the invention which will appear as the description proceeds are accomplished in the improved milling machine hereinafter described and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

ln the accompanying drawings illustrating the preferred iorm of the invention, Fig. l is a side elevation of the improved milling machine, with certain parts broken away; F ig. 2 is a section, on a reduced scale, 'aken along the line 2 2 of Fig. l; Fig. 3 is a section taken along the line 3 3 of Fig. el; Fig. is a longitudinal vertical section, on an enlarged scale, through the rear end ot' the spindle and the means ior imparting to it a simultaneous axial and rotative movement; 5 an elevation (partly in section)i .on an enlarged scale, looking from the lett in l; Fig. 6 is a sectional eleration looking from the right in Fig. 5; l is a longitudinal section through one ot the cutter heads or supports; Fig. 8 is detail view ci ythe bit supporting bushing uide, illustrating the action oi the cutter during the slot cutting operation; Fig. 9 is a longitudinal vertical section of the t'orward end ot the machine showing the part-s at the beginningv of the milling operation; Fig. l0 is a section taken on the line lll-l0 of 9 looking in the direction of the arrows; Fig. ll is a longitudinal section through the cutter heads showing the means for causing the bottoni of the spiral Serial No. 4ll.

slot to be cut on a taper; Fig. l2 is a side elevation ot a bitblank before the milling operation; and Fig. 13 is a similar view of the bit blank on the completion of the milling operation.

The improved milling machine as illustrated in the drawings comprises a pair of oppositely disposed cutters l and 2 which are angularly arranged as shown diagrammatically in F 8. The angle between the cutters will be determined partly by the pitch of the spiral slot and partly by the bevel or undercut of the walls of the spiral rib or worm which forms and bounds the spiral slot. rlhe cutters are mounted to be oved toward and from each other and are spes-ed on opposite sides orn the bit blank so to operate simultaneously thereon, ie ci t'cr l acting as a roughing cutter and nining one side ot the spiral rib, and the her. cutter acting as a inishing cutter and rnnng the other side of the spiral rib. he roughing cutter l, which is of less width than the YFinishing cutter 2, is set so as to cut somewhat in advance of the latter. rlhe bit blank 3 is held by its tang a in the chuck 5 carried on the forward end o-'i' the feed spindle '6 which is mounted to have axial and rotative movements. Duringv the slot cutting operation the body part 7 of the bit blank, in which part the spiral slot out, is supported in the bifurcated guioe or bushing 8 mounted on the support 9 resting on the forward part of the trame .f oi the machine which is supported in poi ion by the legs l2. The `iniddle open part otl the guide S provided to accommoate the cut* .rs 1 und 2 as shown in Figs.

and Replaceable wear bushings l5 in place in the guide S bylthe i etere the bil. blanl. is ready 'for the slot operation the sl i* part il is turned down und the tang el iornied thereon. The spiral slot cut from the junction ot the body pist 7 li the shank i7 tow:-

.ng end oli the bit. The spiral slot terminatcsshort or' the tor-wr end ot the bit to leave enough stock i8 (Fi 13) out ci which to torni the lips or cutting" edges and the spurs. lllhen' the bit blank has been placed in the chuck and the latter tightened, the feed spindle G is moved for ward rapidly to advance the bit blank into position (pas shown in Fig. 9) tor the beginning of the slot cutting operation. The

limit of the forward movement of lthe feed spindle is determined by the stop 2O mounted on the rear end of the spindle.y the construction and fu ction of this part being;- described more in detail hereinafter.

in order that the spiral slot 21 (Fig: 13 may always terminate at the same point with respect to the end of the bit blank so as' always to leave the same amount of stock 18 out of which to form the lips and spurs. the chuck which holds the bit blanln is mounted on the forward end of the spindle 6 so as to have a limited axial movement thereon. For this purpose the cupshaped head 2l is provided. In the inner periphery of the head 2lis a slot which loosely fits over the key 2G projecting' upwardly from the iorward/end of the sjiindle 6. The handled screw 27 is provided to hold the head 24 in adjusted position on the spindle. lVhen a fresh bit blank is placed in the chuck and the spindle 6 is run forward the screw 27 is loosened. The operative then advances the spindle (3 until the forward end 22 of the bit blank encounters the hollow adj usting` screw 28 threaded into the forward end of the screw support 29 projecting forwardly from the guide 8. By turning the screw 28 in its support 29 the amount of stock 18 to be left. for the lips and spurs is determined. The inner end of the screw 28 is countersunk at 3 to accommodate the screw tip 31 of the bit blank. When the forward end 22 of the bit blank encounters the inner end of the adjusting screw 28 the operative tightens down on the screw 27 and the bit blank is then ready for the slot cutting operation.` The operative neXt advances the cutters toward each other until they touch or are in close proximity to the shank 17. All the parts being;` set for the milling operation, the operative connects y the feed spindle with the power actuating' means, by which it is caused to travel in the direction away from the cutters, at the same time being` rotated. rlhis combined axial. and rotative movement of the spindle and bit causes the cutters to form a spiral slot of the` requisite pitch in the body part 7 of the bit. On the completion of the millii'ia` operation, the operative disengages the cutters from the bit and then manually actuates the spindle to entirelj7 withdraw the bit from the bushing 8.

The cutter 2 is mounted on the end of a spindle 300 journaled in a head 311 adjustably secured by its flange 32 to the flange 33 of a housing` 311 which is moved toward and from the bit blank synchronously with the housing 35 of the cutter 1 by means of the feed shaft 36 provided at its forward end with the handle 37. rhe arm 360 secured on the rear end of the shaft 36 encounters the adjusted screw 370 and so determines t-he inward movement of the cutters.

On the forward end of the shaft 36 is a gear 33 which meshes with a pinion 39 mounted on the outer end of a screw shaft 41 provided with a worm 42 which passes through a lug #13 secured to the underside of a dovetailed slide el which slides toward and from the hit blank on the dove-tailed guide e6 in which the shaft 41 is journaled. ln order that the houisng' 231i may be adjusted toward and from the bit blank independently of the housing,` 35, it is provided with screw t7 which passes through the block 48 ei:- tendingj transversely across the slide Litt). lVhen the screw i7 is turned the housing' 3lis moved relatively to the upper dove-tailed part of the slide 45, the base of the housing' being dove-tailed to fit thereon. All these parts for supportingY the cutter 2 and moving` it toward and from the bit blank have their counter parts for supporting` and movthe cutter 1 toward and from lthe bit blank. lt will thus be understood that when the feed shaft 3G is turned the cutters are advanced toward or retracted from the bi-t. blank synchronously, and that when the screws i7 and 50 are turned the cutters are advanced toward and retracted from the bit blank independent of each other.

The head 311 is provided with a tubular bearing 52 which is disposed at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the head and is received in a bore in the housing 34e. On the forward end of the bearing;r 52 is mounted a worin rear 53 which meshes with the worin 54- having a projecting` end 55 which is square-:il to receive a handle by which the angular position of the cutter 2 may be adjusted. rlhe housing,` 3st is provided with split blocks 56 (Fig. 5), and when the critter has been adjusted angul rly the bolt 57 is tightened to close the blocks on the bearing The bolts 53 passing through the fianges 32 and 33 are then tightened to secure the head 311 in adjusted position. The spindle 300 on which the cutter 2 is mounted is journaled in bearings 59 and GO in the head 311, as shown in 7. The cutter 2 is driven by a pulley G2 mounted on the outer end a shaft 63 on which is fixed a worin --l which meshes with av worm gear 65 mounted on one end of the cutter spindle 300. The parts for supporting and ctuatingj the curter 1 are constructed exactly like the parts for supporting and actuating` the cutter 2.

The feed spindle G, which carries on its forward end the chuck is mounted to travel axially and at the saine time to have a rotative movement so that the cutters will forni a spiral slot in the body portion of the bit. For this purpose the feed spindle is mounted in the housing or casing 67, the rear end of the spindle being supported in the .nut casing,- 63. In the housingl 67, is enclosed a worm gear 69 mounted to turn freely on the sleeve 71 which tightly embraces the feed llU spindle. lnterposed between the hub of the worm gear (39 and the periphery ot' the sleeve 71 is a bushingrEhe worm gear 69 is held against axial ioveuient between the ring T3 secured to one end ot the sleeve T1 and the hub-like part 74. ot' the housingl 0i". rl"he sleeve T1 is held against axial movement by the enY Vnio-nt of its flanged end i5 with the projecting part of the hub 7A. rllhe rear tace ol the worin gear 09 is nrovided vith a 7 is toothed to constitute a .,o which ciu-clA section.

iV clutch niemeer 'T8 adapted to cooperate with the clutch section 76 is mounted to slide on the feed spindle 6 but is held against rotative inoveniei'it relatively thereto hy the key and spline connection 79. The clutch member T8 is provided with the clutch section 80 which is adapted to come into lock ing engagement with the clutch sect-ion T6 of the worm gear 69 when the clutch menl i8 is inoved axially on the spindle 6. ior slicing the clutch member Z8 into and ont et engagement with the worn'i comprises a yoke 8o pivoted at on an upright supported on th trame 10. rEhe two upwardly extended ms 86 ot' the yoke 83 have inwardly projecting pins 8T which are loosely received in the groove in tl e clutch member. @ne end ont the rod or link 90 is pivotally connected with the yoke 88 and the other end oi' the link 90 is pivoted to the upper arm otra lever 91, the lower arm 92 ot which is pivotally connected by the link 98 with the arm 91 ot the lever 95 pivotally mounted on the trent oi the machine. The lever is provi-ded with a handle 95 by which the yoke is moved in a direction to bring the clutch 7 8 into locking engagementwith the worin gear T9. A spring pressed latch 97 by engagement -with the detent 98 holds the handle 96 in raised position with the clutch 78 and worm gear 69 locked.

luring the slot cutting operation the spindle 6 is driven by power which is transmitted to it by the pulley 100 mounted on the outer end ot a shaft 101 On which is fixed the worm 102 which meshes with the worm gear 69.

1n order that the spindle 5 may be moved relatively rapidly to advance the hit quickly into position tor the beginning; ot the milling operation, and in order that the bit n'xay he quickly withdrawn from the guide 8 upon the completion of the milling operation. the hand wheel 101 is provided, the hub et which is secured to the flange-like part 105 the clutch 7 8. y

rilhe width ot the spiral 107 (Fic, 8) i determined by the pitch ot a threaded sleevl 108 removably mounted on the rear end o' the feed spindle G. rllhe forward end et the threaded sleeve 108 is slotted at 109 to engage with the legs 110 of a collar 111 fixed on the spindle 6 by the keys 112. Gn the in tne head 68. 116 of the nut is provided with the cap screws 118 which screw into the head 68, and the lower side ot the periphery et' the nut is connected with the head (58 by the key and slot 119.

lli/Then the operative has placed a bit in the chuck and has turned the hand wheel 101 to ot' the milling operation, the spindle tinues to travel forward until the collar 120 and nut 20 encounter the rear end ot the iflange 11G ot the nut 115. as shown in 1. The nut 20 is threaded on to the "f1 outer end ot the sleeve 108 and is split so that it may be adjusted on the sleeve 108, then securely fastened in adjusted position hy tightening the screw 121. By adjusting the nut 20 axially on the sleeve 108 the e;\;- if" tent to which the spindle 6 may be advanced toward the cutters is determiner.

rllhe length or" the spiral slot to be eut in the bit, or rather the amountoi' stock 18 to be left between the tor vard end ot the slot and the end 22 et the bit is determined by a stop device comprisinga collar 1214 secured to the spindle 6 at the inner end oi"l the threaded sleeve 108. Pivotally connected with the lower side of the collar 121 a hituroated latch 125 arranged to loosel brace and slide on the upper part the link 90. Secured to the link 90 is or dog` 128 interposed in the path ot travel et the latch 125. llhen the lat-ch 12o encounters the stop 128 it nieves t link 90 to the right and the link 98 to the lett (view. ing Fig. 1)7 thereby disei the clutch T8 trein the worin vgear (S9 and forcing the lever out oi' en;Y xneinent vwith 98, thus disconnecting the l power actuating' n'ieans. i se tive should desire to permitthe irection continue to travel in its rever e d.' (as inni/cated by the arrow in 1 when the latch 125 arrives at the stop 12 disturbing' the position oitl the sto will litt the latch 125 by means 1910.

la bits which are produced mainly by ioroini'f i is customary to have the bottoi si iral slot taper *from the junction of the siiral aid the shank toward the front cutting' enl o1" the bit. 1t has been i'ound desirable in producing auger bits entirely advance the hit into position Jjor the bef7 by machine to employ thissame feature, that is, to have the bottom of the spiral slot taper from the point where the spiral meets the shank toward the tront or cutting end ot the bit. rl'he mechanism provided in the present invention tor accomplishing this purpose comprises av cam plate 1 2 mounted to slide in a housingl 133 on which the upright 9 is supported. The housingl is located between the cutter supports, and the guideway 134 tor the cam plate 132 extends at right anglesV te the axis ot the teed -shatt 36 and ot' the other parts connected with the cutter supports. On the cam plate 132 is tiXed a cam 135 having' the lateral cani sur- Jraces 136 and 137 which are engaged by the cam rolls 133 and 139, respectively, mounted on the inner ends ot the levers 14() and 141 pivoted in the bottom ot the housing` 133. The other ends ot the levers 140 and 141 are pivotally connected with the sliding` bars 142 and 143 which are mounted to slide in the upper part oit the housing 33 and in adjacent recesses termed in the inner ends ot the slides 45. From each sliding bar depends a lug` 145 which loosely engages with the inner end ot its corresponding' screw shaft 41, as shown in 5 and 11. The screw shafts 41 are mounted to have considerable end player lost motion, as is indicated by the space 146 between the gear 39 and the adjacent part ot the guide 4. The heavy coiled springs 147 interposed between the inn Ar ends 143 ot the guides 46 and the blocks 43 serve to yieldingly hold the cam rolls 133 and 139 against the cam surfaces 136 and 137. lllhen the cam plate 132 is drawn between the cam rolls the tapered cam surfaces 136 and 137 torce the cam rolls apart and thereby cause the cutter supports and the cutters to approach toward each other.

The cam plate 132 is moved relatively yto the cam rolls 133 and 139 during the slot cutting' ope-ration. For this purpose the end 150 ot the cam plate projecting trom the housing 133 is provided with a head 151 in which is mounted a nut 152 which receives a screw 153, journaled in a bearing 154 supported trom a trame work 156 which in turn is supported from the housing or casing; 37 by the studs 157. On thel outer end ot the screw 153 is mennted a gear 153 which meshes with a gear 1GO having a key and spline connection 161 with the spindle 6 so as to be driven thereby7 and at the same time to permit the spindle to move axially relatively thereto. The gear 160 is held against axial movement between the ilange ot the bushing 73 and the hub-like part 162 o't the trame work 156. The head 151 is adjustably secured to the end 150 of the cam plate 132 so as to adjust the cam surfaces 136 and 137 relatively to the cani rolls 133 and 139, the screw 163 being provided tor this purpose. The cap screws 164 secure the head 151 in adjusted position on the cam plate 132.

lt will be noted trom a consideration ot Fig'. 11 that the tapering cam surfaces 13G and 137 are relatively short compared with the length ot the spiral slot 21, as shown in F 13, This diii'erence in length between the spiral slot 21 and the tapered cam surfaces 136 and 137 is accounted tor by the tact that while the spindle 6 is traveling a distance equal to the length ot the spiral slot 21 the gears 153 and 150 and the screw cause the cam plate 132 to be moved a distance substantially equal to the ct-ivc or working parts et thn cam sur- 136 and 137.

lt will conduce to elearness ot understanding ot the invention to brietly recapitulate the mode of operation ot the milling machine as a whole. lt is assumed that the feed spindle (i is retracted to a position permitting the operative to remove the bit which has just been milled and place a fresh bit blank in the chuck 5, and clamp it therein by tightening` down on the hand screw 165. lUnder these conditions the latch 125 is positioned to the right of the stop dog 123 (viewing 1). The fresh bit blank having' been clamped in the chuck 5 the operative loosens the screw 27 and spins the hand wheel 104 to advance the spindle 3 rapidly to the limit ot its lettward or forward travel, the latch 125 rising over the stop dog' 123 and dropping in front thereot. The operative then manually advances the chuck with the bit therein until the forward end et the bit encounters the adjusting screw 23. Thereupon he tightens up the screw 27 and turns the handle 37 in a counter clockwise direction until the arm 360 encounters the stop screw 370. The parts are now in position tor the beginning` of the milling' operation. The machine is started by raisingthe handle 93 thereby moving' the clutch 73 into locking` engagement with the worm ear ($9, the engagement ot the latch 97 with the detent 93 holding the handle 93 in raised position and the clutch in engagement with the worm gear. The sw ndle tl now begins and continues its reverse axial and rotative movement, as shown by the arrow in Fig. 1, until the latch 12' encounters .LAO the stop dog)- 123 and disengages the clutch 73 from the worm ,Q -ear G9. rl'he operative then moves the handle 37 in a clockwise direction to disengag'e the cutters from the work. He then spins the hand wheel 104 in a reverse direction to entirely withdraw the n llled bit from the guide 3i at the saine time liftingT the latch 125 to clear the stop dog123. Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new is 1. A machine for millinfr the spiral slot or" an auger bit comprising, pair of cutters Cil mounted to be moved toward and from each other, a spindle, a chuck on the forward end of the spindle tor holding the bit to be milled, means tor imparting simultaneous axial and rotative movement to the spindle during the milling operation consisting oi' a screw lined on the spindle, a nut held egeinst axial and rotative movement through which the screw passes, a worm gear loosely mounted on the spindle, a clutch member slidingly (but not rotatively) mounted on the spindle, means for engaging Vthe clutch member' with the worm gear, and a driven v i meshing with the worm gear, a tapered cam, a cam roll connected with each en te. ranged to engage the cam, and connections between the cam and the spindle to move the cam to move the cutters relatively to each other to cause the bottom ot the spiral slot to be cut on a taper.

2. A machine for milling the spiral ot an auger bit comprising.v a pair oi oppositely disposed, angularly arranged cutters, ahead on which each cutter` is mounted, manual means for moving the heads each other to bring the cutters to pi for beginning the milling` operation, said heads being mounted to move independent ot the manual means, a cam, a lever nected with each head and carry] j a in enoagement with the cam, a spindle, a chuck carried by the spindle for holding the bit to be milled, means tor imparting a simultaneous axial and rotative movement to the spindle, and connections between the cam and the spindle consisting ot a nut connected with the cam, a screw engaged in the nut, a gear carried by the screw und a gear on the spindle.

3. A machine for milling the spiral slot ot an auger hit comprising, a spindle,a chuck carried by the spindle tor holding the bit to be milled, a eutter, a slide-ble head on which the cutter is mounted, a manually operated screw for moving the cutter toward and from tle bit, said head having a certain amount or' movement independent ot its actuation by the screw, a spring for normally pressing the head in a. direction from the bit, a cam, connections between the cam and the cutter head` means tor imparting a simultaneous axial and rotative movement to the spindle, and connections between the cam and the spindle by which the cam is actuated to cause the head to move relatively to the bit during the milling opera tion to cause the bottom ot the slot to be cut on ay taper.

4c. A machine for milling the spiral slot of an auger bit comprising, a spindle, a chuck carried by the spindle tor holding the bit to be milled, a pair or" oppositely disslot poseo, angularly arranged cutters, a slidable head on which each cutter is mounted, manually operated screws for moving the heads toward each other to' bring the cutters to position lor beginning the milling operation, said screws permitting the heads to be moved a certain distance independently thereof,

springs 'for normally `torcin the heads in directions away from each other, a cam, a lever connected with each hef/id and carrying a roll in ement with the cam, means for imparting simultaneous axial and rotative movements to the spindle, and connections between the cam and the spindle consisting et a nut connected with the cam, a screw engaged in the nut, a gear carried the screw, and a gear on the spindle.

5. A machine for milling the spiral slot ot auger bit comprising, a spindle, a chuck carried by the spindle for holding the iit to be milled, a pair ot oppositely disposed, angulfirly arranged cutters, a slidable head on which each cutter is mounted, a manually operated screw tor moving each head toward and from the bit, Said screw permitting the head to be moved toward ane trom Ithe bit independently thereof, a.

'oi-ing for forcing each head in a direction away fr in the bit, means `tor imparting simultane us aA ial and rotative movements to the spindle, and means for moving the heads independently ot their screws during` the milling operation to cause the bottom ot the slot to be eut on a taper.

G. A machine for milling the spiral slot ot an anger bit comprising, a pair ot cutters mounted to be moved towards and from each other, a spindle, a chuck on the forward end ot the spindle tor holding the bit blank to be milled, means Jfor imparting a simultaneous axial and rotative movement to the spindle during the milling operation consisting oit a screw lined on the spindle, a iut held against axial and rotative movement tirough which tie screw passes, a worm loosely mounted on the spindle, a clutch member mounted to slide on the spindle, means tor engaging the clutch member with the worm gear, a worm meshing with the worm gear, means tor driving the worm, two levers pivoted on a stationary part oi the machine and connected at one end with the cutters respectively, a cam roll mounted ou the tree end ot each lever, a tapered cam arranged. to be engaged by the cam rolls and to have a. sliding movement between them, and connections between the cam and the spindle whereby the levers are actuated to cause the cutters to move relatively to each other to cause the bottom of the spiral slot to be cut on a taper.

LARNED S, VHTNE, 

